Exercise 7

Define the following:

● Canadian raising

● accent

● consonant cluster

● dialect

● variety

● multiple negation

● Network Standard

● nonstandard dialect

● orthography

● Received Pronunciation

● General American

● vernacular

● pidgin

● creol

Exercise 8

Avoid Sexist Language:

1. Running for city council are Jake Stein, an attorney, and Mrs. Cynthia Jones, a professor of English and mother of three.

2. If you are a senior government official, your wife is required to report any gifts she receives that are valued at more than $ 100.

3. A journalist is stimulated by his deadline.

Exercise 9

Read the words below. Mind the place of primary and secondary stress.

GenAm

'apple"souce

'elsewhere

'midday

'peanut "butter

'savings "bank

'apple "pie

'other"wise

'out"fit

RP

"apple'souce

"else'where

"mid'day

"peanut 'butter

'savings bank

"apple 'pie

'otherwise

"out'fit

Exercise 10

Read the place names below. Mind a single primary stress in RP and a primary and a tertiary stress in GenAm.

RP

'Birmingham

'Bloombury

'Buckingham

'Dartmoor

'Moorgate

GenAm

'Birming"ham

'Bloom"bury

'Bucking"ham

'Dart"moor

'Moor"gate

Exercise 11

Read the words according to the GenAm standard.

not, crop, dock, nod, father, palm, mister, sister, Webster, farm, bird, leave, let, late, berry, merry, very, Betty, city, certainly, which, what, when, due, new, suit, excursion, version, Persia, man, name, noun, national.

Exercise 12

Read the words below. Mind the stress differences in RP and GenAm.

RP

dictionary

February

ordinary

category

territory

cemetery

monastery

matrimony

testimony

necessary

GenAm

dictionary

February

ordinary

category

territory

cemetery

monastery

matrimony

testimony

necessary

Exercise 13

Give gender neutral terms:

chairman

clergyman

congressman

fireman

foreman

mailman

mankind

manpower

policeman

salesman

to man

weatherman

workman

Exercise 14

Read the words they are read in GenAm.

address

adult

Asia

cigarette

clerk

combat (v)

data

herb

leisure

neither

nephew

research

tomato

wrath

Exercise 15

Give American spelling of the following British words:

arbour

armour

candour

colour

favour

harbour

honour

humour

labour

odour

parlour

vigour

defence

offence

licence

practice

pretence

centre

fibre

luster

metre

theatre

metre

macabre

Exercise 16

Give British spelling of the following American words:

impanel

incase

incrust

infold

acknowledgement

judgment

lodgment

esthetic

encyclopedia

fetus

maneuver

prolog

monolog

dialog

café

entree

Exercise 17

Lexical differences between British and American English are numerous enough and may be confusing enough that mass market books, especially those meant for younger readers, are often revised before publication in the “other” market. The following lexical differences between the UK and US editions of four Harry Potter books were compiled. Distribute the following words into two columns those used in the UK edition and those used in the US edition:

dustbin – trashcan

motorcycle – motorbike

stove – cooker

roundabout – carousel

sellotape – scotch tape

VCR – video recorder

sweater – jumper

ice lolly – ice pop

comprehensive school – public school

mail slot – letter-box

vacationing – holidaying

motorway – highway

multilevel parking garage – multi-storey car park

soccer – football

trolley – cart

sneakers – trainers

lining up – queuing

jacket potato – baked potato

sweet – candy

locker room – changing room

mad – crazy

reporter – newsreader

line – queue

clapping them – applauding them

two weeks – fortnight

holiday – vacation

nurse – matron

an excellent form – in excellent form

cookies – biscuits