Vocabulary exercises

Study the essential vocabulary. Give the Russian equivalents for every unit and translate the examples into Russian.
Translate the following sentences into Russian:

A. 1. «You are making too much fuss of me, don't worry», he said, with a smile, suggestive of annoyance. 2. I had seldom seen him like this. He seemed, indeed, annoyed with me for having asked this question. 3. He was annoyed at the way she tried to take over the whole meeting. 4.1 want you, Lady Willard, to ascertain for me exactly how much is newspaper chatter, and how much may be said to be founded on facts. 5. The woman kept chattering in and out as she prepared the table. In a nearby tree a squirrel chattered. 6. The noise of old-fashioned computer printers chattering away gave me a headache. 7. Then the fever came on again and his teeth chattered. 8. His friends cheered him on when he was about to give up. 9. No one could help but cheer the verdict «not guilty». «See you tonight then. Cheers!», I said and put down the receiver. 10. You can hear the cheers of the crowd two miles away from the football ground. 11. He gave me a cheery greeting. 12. His cheerful acceptance of responsibility encouraged us all. 13. You could never be unhappy in such a cheerful house. 14. A cheerful fire was burning in the grate. 15. «It's not a wrestling match, not a contest of strength», he said. 16. She contested five of seven titles. 17. There is always a

contest between the management and the unions. 18. She's won a lot of dancing contests. 19. The championship is being keenly contested by seven athletes. 20. In tonight's quiz the contestants have come from all over the country to fight for the title of «Superbrain». 21. The contest for leadership of the Party is gathering speed. 22. He became seriously depressed and suicidal, and applied for emergency psychotherapy. 23. She emerged from the sea cold but exhilarated and toweled herself vigorously. 24. The method of this comprehensive study is to highlight the issues that emerged in the 1960s in University life. 25. The President has emerged unscathed from the scandal. 26. He seemed to emerge from his reverie. 27. His professional training enabled her to act swiftly and decisively when faced with an emergency. 28. My wife had to open the tins we kept for an emergency. 29. It has emerged that secret talks were under way between the two companies.

B. 1. They were looking for a minute at the soft hinted green in the branches against the sky. 2. Although it was a raw March afternoon, with a hint of fog coming in with the dusk, he had the window wide open. 3.1 coughed politely as she lit a cigarette but she didn't take the hint. 4. There's only a hint of brandy in the sauce, so I don't think it'll make you drunk. 5. This was a large low-ceilinged room, with rattling machines at which men in white shirt sleeves and blue aprons were working. 6. Druet was rattling on boasting about his recent victories and Hurstwood grew more and more resentful. 7. The quiet deliberate footsteps approaching my door rattled me/got me rattled. 8. She seemed rattled about my presence/by my question. 9. I had taken a taxi which rattled down the road. 10. He was left alone except Rachel rattling pots in the kitchen. 11. Reduced to extreme poverty, begging, sometimes going hungry, sometimes sleeping in the parks, Hurstwood admitted to himself the game was up. 12. The Education Department had threatened the headmaster with a reduction in the staff, which meant more work and reduced salaries for the remaining teachers and himself. 13. Every building in the area was reduced to rubble. 14. The captain was reduced to the ranks for his dishonorable action. 15. The contractor had reduced his price from sixty to forty thousand dollars. 16. Mr. Lamb resented these intrusions and reduced them to a minimum. 17. They were reduced to selling the car to pay the phone bill. 18. They have made substantial reductions in the labor costs. 19. By the end of the interview Martin was reduced to almost speechless anger.

3. Give the English equivalents for:

досаждать кому-л. до смерти; наскучить, надоедать; было досадно (неприятно); недовольный голос; раздраженный тон; трещать, грохотать; барабанить (о дожде); говорить без умолку; мчаться с грохотом; отбарабанить урок; погремушка; гремучая змея; радостные мысли; веселое лицо; веселая комната; яркий, светлый день; бодрое настроение; жизнерадостный человек; приятная беседа; веселье, оживление; возгласы одобрения; поддержка, утешение; аплодисменты; спор, состязание, борьба; международное соревнование; музыкальный конкурс; бороться за каждую пядь земли; соперничать; добиваться избрания в парламент; участники конкурса, соревнования; внезапно появиться; неприкосновенный запас; крайняя необходимость; критическое положение; вынужденная посадка; чрезвычайные меры; чрезвычайное положение; чрезвычайные полномочия; слегка намекнуть; прозрачно намекнуть; намекать на что-либо; стучать зубами; болтуны; щебетанье птиц; снижать цены; снижать зарплату; укоротить юбку; уменьшить влияние; довести до крайности; довести до нищеты; довести до минимума; довести до абсурда; сбавить скорость.

4. Paraphrase the following sentences using the essential vocabulary:

1. The girls talked very quickly without stopping as if unaware of my presence. 2. The sounds of approval of the audience filled the theatre. 3. Don't be sad, I've got good news for you. 4. You shouldn't argue a point or a statement trying to show that it is wrong, when you don't rely on facts. 5. There wasn't even a slight suggestion of it in his letter. 6. An old cart passed by quickly making a lot of noise. 7. If you don't want to get some lung disease you must give up smoking or cut it to a minimum. 8. Asked what English he knew, Mr Sem-ko said quickly: «One, two, three». 9. The postman came out of his van soaked to the skin. 10. In tonight's quiz our participants have come from all over the country to fight for the title of 'Superbrains'. 11. Could you give me a piece of advice how to do this exercise, please. 12.1 lost weight by going on a diet.

Make up and act out dialogues or short stories using the essential vocabulary.
Translate the following sentences into English using the essential vocabulary:

1. Закрой окно, пожалуйста, шум меня раздражает. 2. Вода была такая хо-

лодная, что Том начал стучать зубами от холода. 3. В лесной тиши было слышно щебетанье птиц. 4. Безрадостные мысли не давали ему спать всю ночь. 5. Через всю жизнь он пронес юношеский оптимизм и радостную веру в людей. 6. Молодой неизвестный музыкант, принимавший участие в международном конкурсе Чайковского, стал впоследствии знаменитым пианистом. 7. Рыба наконец появилась на поверхности воды. Старик был поражен ее размерами. 8. Он появился в городе, когда его менее всего ожидали. 9. Я намекнул, что ему причитаются кое-какие деньги, но, к моему удивлению, мои слова не дошли до него. 10. Далли прозрачно намекнули, что в ее услугах больше не нуждаются, но она продолжала приходить каждый день. 11. Окна дребезжали от ветра. 12. Долгая болезнь мужа и безработица довели миссис Хартвуд до крайней нищеты. 13. Вы должны снизить скорость. Мы въехали в город.

7. a) Give the Russian equivalents for the following English proverbs:

Familiarity breeds contempt. Experience is the best knowledge. Who chatters to you will chatter of you.

b) Make up and act out the stories illustrating the given proverbs.

GETTING TO GRIPS WITH PHRASAL VERBS

A phrasal verb is usually a two-word verb: get on, go behind, fall off, turn up, run off. The most common kind of phrasal verb is a verb which is followed by an adverb. When it is part of a phrasal verb, this adverb is called a particle. Sometimes it simply adds to the meaning of a verb When I turned round, I saw Ann behind me. or it can completely change the meaning of a verb: A car pulled up behind.

1. Read this page from a dictionary and translate the sentences into Russian.

go about 1) to move or travel around: The quickest way to go about the city is by underground train. 2) to start (smth or doing smth): / wanted to make a dress but didn't know how to go about it.

go along to proceed, make progress: You may have some difficulties at first, but you 41 find it easier as you go along.

go at (smth or smb) to rush at, attack (notfml): They went at each other furiously.

go back 1) to return: Shall we go back there for our holiday next

year? 2) to go back to — to return as in conversation to something: He wants us to go back to the old and tried methods. 3) to go back on — to fail to fulfil (a promise, agreement, etc.): You should never go back on your promise to a child.

go behind to examine a deeper level of smth: You have to go behind the poet's words to see what she really means.

go by (of fault, etc.) 1) to pass without being noticed (not fml): I know you were late again this morning, but we'll let it go by. 2) to base one's judgement on smb: You can't go by what he says, he's very untrustworthy.

go down 1) to be received, esp. with approval, to be liked (by someone): How did your speech go down (with the public)? 2) to be considered less worthy: He went down in my opinion.

go down the drain to be wasted; to fail completely: All my attempts to help him went down the drain.

go Dutch/ halves to agree to share the cost of something, esp. a meal: We went Dutch on the cheap Chinese down town.

go easy (infml) 1) to behave calmly (usu. imper.): Go easy, dear, there's nothing to get excited about. 2) to treat someone kindly, not severely (on, with): Go easy on the child, will you, she is too young to understand what she did.

go as / so far as (not f ml) to be bold or direct enough (to do smth), to declare the truth: / wouldn 't go so far as to say she is a liar.

go into to examine: The police went into the man's story to see if he was telling the truth.

go over to examine, to see that it is correct: The counsellor went over his story in detail and suggested some improvements.

go round to move around, to be publicly noticed (doing smth): You can't go round saying nasty things like that about him.

2. Complete the sentences with a suitable phrasal verb.

1. Things were.... fairly well. 2. He sank the spade into the ground,

and it. 3. I've left my gloves behind. I'll have for

them. 4. We can always to the original plan if neccessary. 5. I'm

sorry, madam, but we have the rules. 6. If they prove that I was

wrong, then I'll what they say. 7 to the bottom of the

page and then write a summary of what you've just read. 8. He

in my opinion. 9. Solicitors advised their clients that a tidy look

well with the magistrates. 10. It was a private conversation and I don't

want details about what was said. 11. Guards every ve hicle at the border to prevent drugs being smuggled into the country.

12.1 won't know how successful it is until the accountant the

books. 13. I'm just to Mario's for half an hour. 14. If they

complaining publicly, they might not find it so easy to get another job. 15. «Will you let me take you out to dinner tonight?» «As long as »

3. Replace the words in italics with the most suitable verb from the dictionary entry.

1. People are travelling more now that the weather's better. 2. I want him back, but I just don't know how to start it. 3. The roads were so muddy that we had to proceed on horseback. 4. He didn't fulfil his promise to work harder. 5. How did your pupils accept your first lesson? 6. My opinon of him dropped considerably after I had found out the truth. 7. In his report the speaker attacked the hedgers who were forever trying to shift the responsibility onto somebody else. 8. I'm continually hearing a tune in my head and I just can't remember the name of it. 9. On account of the budget crisis the President failed to keep his word. 10. Don't sign anything until you have examined it thoroughly. 11. I regularly met with them but never felt like one of them. 12. «Don't worry about the bill. We shall share the cost of the meal», said my girl friend.

4. Translate into English.

1. Они обычно ходят всюду вместе. 2. Татьяна решила написать письмо Онегину, но не знала как начать. 3. Как продвигаются твои успехи в изучении английского языка? 4. Никто не ожидал, что они с яростью набросятся друг на друга. 5. Я не могла подумать даже о том, как сообщить ей эту новость. 6. Я ему не доверяю, т.к. он не сдержал однажды своего обещания. 7. Чтобы постичь поэзию Беллы Ахмадулиной, надо проникнуть в то, что кроется за ее словами. 8. Не упускай такого случая и возвращайся домой. 9. Я знаю, что ты сейчас солгал мне, но я не буду на это обращать внимания. Ты сам мне обо всем расскажешь. 10. Новый учитель не очень понравился ученикам. 11. Я не могу заниматься деталями в данный момент потому, что я еще не получила достаточно информации о том, как все случилось. 12. Не откажите мне в любезности проверить со мной правильно ли я заполнила этот документ. 13. По городу ходят ужасные слухи.

CONVERSATION AND DISCUSSION

HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

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